Simone
语言学可以写的内容很多。基本上不外乎以下一些：
一，语音类
如语音的属性、音韵与语音的关系、强弱、轻浊、音节等
二，词汇类
如词汇形态学，语义学，构词，词化，语义场等等
三，语法类
如语法结构，层次，修辞等
四，句子类
如分析句子的各种成分，语序，基本句型等
五，语篇类
如连贯性，思维逻辑性，结构修辞，主体与客体意识等
这方面的教材很多，就看你的要求了。现在英语与汉语的对比语言学和对比文学比较热，从这方面下手也不错。
语言学教案 - Chapter 1 Invitations to Linguistics (2)
What is linguistics?
1.6 What is linguistics?
Linguistics is the branch of learning which studies the languages of any and all human societies. It can be defined as the scientific study of language. In a word, linguistics studies the general principles upon which all languages are constructed and operate as systems of communication in the societies in which they are used.
The guiding principles for linguistic studies:
Exhaustiveness---the aim is to specify totally the linguistic contrasts in a set of data, and ultimately in the language as a whole.
Consistency---total statements should be logically self-consistent.
Economy---a criterion requires that, other things being equal, an analysis should aim to be as short and use as few terms as possible. It is a measure which permits one to quantify the number of formal constructs used in arriving at a solution to problem, and has been used, explicitly or implicitly, in most areas of linguistic investigation.
Objectivity---linguistic analyses should be as objective as possible. Truth should come from facts
1.7 Some basic distinctions in linguistics
1.7.1 speech and writing
the primacy of speech:
1) Speech is prior to writing historically
2) genetically, children always learn to speak before they learn to write.
The importance of writing:
1) space displacement
2) time displacement
3) a visual recording of a speech
我也要写，郁闷啊
